农产品电商发展研究——以甘肃省秦安县为例

“互联网+”的出现，为农业发展的模式提供了新的可能，在互联网技术的推动下诞生了许多 的农产品电商模式。甘肃省秦安县是享誉全国的苹果，蜜桃产地，但因为当地的交通以及传统的产销 模式等诸多因素，导致了农民收益少，产品受益群体小，甚至大量农产品被浪费的现象。本项目经过 对甘肃省秦安县农产品电商发展情况进行实地调研，以当地农产品电商发展现状和存在的问题为基 础进行分析，并与当前趋势下的F2F 电商模式进行了融合，并得出了良好的发展预测。     

农产品质量安全检测结果的质量控制措施研究

本文介绍了几种典型的农产品质量检测方法，并根据多年实验室检测经验，提出检测结果质 量控制措施与评价方法，包括平行样品测定、质控样品测定、内部对比实验与能力验证实验等等，力求 使农产品检测结果更加精准，质量安全得到有效控制。     

电子商务环境下生鲜农产品冷链物流现状分析及优化研究

本文在总结生鲜冷链物流行业的现状及发展趋势基础上，对生鲜冷链物流中存在的高成本、 低体系化建设以及较低技术水平等问题存在的原因进行剖析，并针对这些问题提出了积极推进冷链 技术提升、加强产业标准化建设、提高仓储管理水平等优化策略。     

绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响及法律对策研究

随着经济全球化的进程的加速和我国加入世界贸易组织，农产品出口受到了绿色贸易壁垒 的影响，问题也日益突出。笔者通过收集大量文献和资料，由绿色贸易壁垒的概念、原因、表现形式入 手，分析绿色贸易壁垒在WTO 和GATT 框架下的法律规则，以及绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的 影响。在大量文献和研究的支持下，提出了我国对农产品出口的法律对策，从国内外角度提出建议。     

青海省海东市不同等级降水和旱涝关系研究

青海省海东市是青海省重要的粮食生产基地,干旱直接影响着农业的有序发展。利用1961—2015年青海省海东市5个气象站逐日降水资料,笔者分析各级雨量和雨日及Z指数的变化趋势,并研究各级雨量和雨日对旱涝的影响。结果表明：（1）夏（冬）半年降水以小雨（雪）和中雨（雪）为主;夏半年小雨和大到暴雨（中雨）的雨量及雨日呈减小（增加）趋势,冬半年各级雨量及雨日均呈减小趋势;（2）夏、冬半年Z指数均表现为不显著的减小趋势;（3）采用偏相关系数和相对贡献率分析,夏半年中雨和大到暴雨雨量及雨日对Z指数有显著的影响,冬半年小雪的雨量和雨日对Z指数变化影响最大;（4）采用合成分析法的标准化值,在偏涝年,各级雨量和雨日基本都为正值,夏半年差异主要表现在大到暴雨和中雨雨量和雨日,而冬半年差异主要表现在小雪雨量和雨日;在偏旱年,各级降水雨量和雨日基本都为负值,夏半年差异主要表现在中雨雨量和雨日,冬半年差异主要表现在小雪和中雪雨量和雨日。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定农产品中的锗

采用微波消解处理农产品样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定Ge,简单快速,检出限低。选用103Rh为内标,采用校正方程消除质谱干扰,经国家一级标准物质验证,方法准确度和精密度均满足实际样品分析的要求,回收率达到90%～110%。     

Marine Anticancer Agents: An Overview with a Particular Focus on Their Chemical Classes

The marine environment is a rich source of biologically active molecules for the treatment of human diseases, especially cancer. The adaptation to unique environmental conditions led marine organisms to evolve different pathways than their terrestrial counterparts, thus producing unique chemicals with a broad diversity and complexity. So far, more than 36,000 compounds have been isolated from marine micro- and macro-organisms including but not limited to fungi, bacteria, microalgae, macroalgae, sponges, corals, mollusks and tunicates, with hundreds of new marine natural products (MNPs) being discovered every year. Marine-based pharmaceuticals have started to impact modern pharmacology and different anti-cancer drugs derived from marine compounds have been approved for clinical use, such as: cytarabine, vidarabine, nelarabine (prodrug of ara-G), fludarabine phosphate (pro-drug of ara-A), trabectedin, eribulin mesylate, brentuximab vedotin, polatuzumab vedotin, enfortumab vedotin, belantamab mafodotin, plitidepsin, and lurbinectedin. This review focuses on the bioactive molecules derived from the marine environment with anticancer activity, discussing their families, origin, structural features and therapeutic use.     

Problems of implementing compulsory integrated pest management

Compulsory integrated pest management poses a number of challenges and issues for debate. Some of are discussed with reference to European Union requirements set out in Annex III of Directive 128/2009. Requirements on the use of plant protection products bring with them problems with dose reduction in the light of a resistance prevention strategy, the lack of threshold levels, the necessity of chemical treatments and the limited availability of effective products of biological origin. Use of preventive measures of pest control faces barriers related to profitability and a lack of knowledge on the part of farmers. Challenges to control the system, as well as the fact that some legally enforced rules are not suitable for all crops, seem also to be an issue. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

Changes in the relationship between species richness and belowground biomass among grassland types and along environmental gradients in Xinjiang,Northwest China

The association between biodiversity and belowground biomass (BGB) remains a central debate in ecology. In this study, we compared the variations in species richness (SR) and BGB as well as their interaction in the top (0-20 cm), middle (20-50 cm) and deep (50-100 cm) soil depths among 8 grassland types (lowland meadow, temperate desert, temperate desert steppe, temperate steppe desert, temperate steppe, temperate meadow steppe, mountain meadow and alpine steppe) and along environmental gradients (elevation, energy condition (annual mean temperature (AMT) and potential evapotranspiration (PET)), and mean annual precipitation (MAP)) based on a 2011-2013 survey of 379 sites in Xinjiang, Northwest China. The SR and BGB varied among the grassland types. The alpine steppe had a medium level of SR but the highest BGB in the top soil depth, whereas the lowland meadow had the lowest SR but the highest BGB in the middle and deep soil depths. The SR and BGB in the different soil depths were tightly associated with elevation, MAP and energy condition; however, the particular forms of trends in SR and BGB depended on environmental factors and soil depths. The relationship between SR and BGB was unimodal in the top soil depth, but SR was positively related with BGB in the middle soil depth. Although elevation, MAP, energy condition and SR had significant effects on BGB, the variations in BGB in the top soil depth were mostly determined by elevation, and those in the middle and deep soil depths were mainly affected by energy condition. These findings highlight the importance of environmental factors in the regulations of SR and BGB as well as their interaction in the grasslands in Xinjiang.     

农产品监测预警模型集群构建理论方法与应用

【目的】农产品供给与需求的准确分析测定,是农业监测预警能力提升的重要表现。构建产品多品种多环节模型集群理论方法,可高效解决单一环节或单一模型难以解决的分析技术难题。【方法】在农产品供需的重要要素即生产量、消费量、贸易量、价格等分析预测过程中,针对农产品品种间关联性强,自然、社会、经济诸多影响因素纠缠,模型多变量强耦合、非线性、参数时变的特点,提出多品种农产品“因素分类解耦、参数转用适配”方法,以构建多时空维度的监测预警模型集群。【结果】利用“因素分类解耦、参数转用适配”技术方法,研究构建了不同农产品的生产类、消费类、贸易类、价格类的模型集群。这些模型集群可用于对不同时空维度的水稻、玉米、小麦、肉类等主要农产品供需的长中短期的分析预测,支撑形成了农业展望中的主要农产品平衡表,其中主要农产品全国年度生产量6年平均预测精度高于97%。【结论】研究提出的农产品监测预警模型集群构建理论及其方法,有效提升了农产品多品种模型集群的求解效率和准确率,增强了农产品供需分析预测的系统性与智能性,为系统揭示农产品复杂的时空供需变化特征、促进农产品市场调控科学性和可预见性,提供了新技术方法。